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Selective isolation of the genus Bifidobacterium bacteria from foods
Mizerovská, Lucie ; Šárka, Havlíková (referee) ; Rittich, Bohuslav (advisor)
Probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are very often used in food procesing industry, such as milk products, cheese and fermentsd salami production in nova days. In diploma thesis were tested symbiotic food supplements from different producers. Bacterial DNA was isolated from crude cell lysates of six food suplements by magnetic particles P(HEMA-co-GMA). PCR-ready DNAs were isolated. from all products The detection of Bifidobacterium bacteria identified by PCR was in agreement with those declared by the manufacturers. Magnetic particles with immobilized antibodies against Bifidobacterium were used in the next part of thesis. These particles were used for the isolation of target cells from two products with cell identification by genus specific PCR.
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Selective isolation of of the genus Lactobacillus bacteria from foods
Novotná, Eva ; Šárka, Havlíková (referee) ; Rittich, Bohuslav (advisor)
Probiotic lactic acid bacteria of genus Lactobacillus play an important role in the digestive tract of human. They are used in food processing and they are the part of food supplements. Lactic acid bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus can be identificated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Bacterial DNA was isolated from cell lysates of 4 synbiotic food suplements by magnetic particles P(HEMA-co-GMA). Isolated DNA was amplified by genus-specific and species-specific primers. Magnetic particles with immobilized antibodies against Lactobacillus bacteria were used in the next part of thesis. These particles were used for isolation target cells from products with their identification by genus specific PCR.
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Identification of selected genes in lactic acid bacteria
Kristová, Mária ; Vojtíšková, Marie (referee) ; Španová, Alena (advisor)
Lactic acid bacteria are natural habitants of human gastrointectinal tract. Among the most important are bacteria of genus Lactobacillus and genus Bifidobacterium that contain a lot of probiotic species. Probiotic species are used as food supplements. This work was focused on DNA separation from crude cell lysates of 4 food supplements using magnetic carrier P(HEMA-co-GMA) covered by carboxyl groups. DNA was reversible adsorbed to the carriers in the presence of PEG 6000 (16%) and NaCl (2 M) (final concentrations) and eluted into TE buffer. Lysis of cells from food supplements was performed by lysozyme, SDS and proteinase K. The amount of lysozyme was optimalized. Concentration of separated DNA was measured by spectrophotometric method. The amount of isolated DNA was suitable for PCR. Isolated DNA was used for PCR with universal primers, PCR specific for genus Lactobacillus and genus Bifidobacterium and for 9 different species-specific PCRs: Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus casei/paracasei, Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bifidobacterium infantis. Amplicons were detected by agarose gel electrophoresis (1,8%). It was shown that DNA amplification methods are quick and precise for identification of studied species. The results of bacteria identification were compared with data provided by the manufacturer. In all food supplements, bacteria of genus Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were detected. However, only some species provided by manufacturer were identified by PCR in each tablet.
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In vitro study of antioxidant activity of food supplements
Vopelková, Dominika ; Pořízka, Jaromír (referee) ; Omelka, Ladislav (advisor)
Bachelor thesis deals with the determination of antioxidant activity of food supplements in vitro. The theoretical part focuses on legislative requirements of food supplements, their characteristic and classification. Further, the attention is also devoted to antioxidants, their properties, effects, importance and utilization. Separate chapter describes herbs, which are an essential component of researched supplements, their effects and properties. For experimental part several food supplements in various forms (capsule, tea, juice, dried fruits) were chosen and total content of polyphenols was determined using the UV-VIS spectroscopy. Further, the total antioxidant activity is characterized by electron paramagnetic resonance involving DPPH method.
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Zinc in food suplements
Sauchanka, Katsiaryna ; Suková, Petra (referee) ; Řezáčová, Veronika (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to determine zinc in the dietary supplements by the voltammetric method. The general properties of zinc, its occurrence, toxicity and influence on human health are described in the first part. Next the methods, including a detailed description of the voltammetric analysis, are summarized. The experimental part is focused on the process of optimization of the conditions for zinc voltammetric analysis and the application of the optimised method on real samples.
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Estery karotenoidů v potravinách a potravinových doplňcích
MICHALČÍKOVÁ, Anna
Carotenoids are lipophilic dyes; their production is very important for photosynthetic processes as well as for tissue protection in leaves and as attractants in fruits. They are also crucial in human/animal nutrition for their antioxidant effects. Carotenoids can be found in plant and animal tissues both in free and esterified forms. The main goal of this bachelor thesis was to establish the method of saponification of carotenoid extracts from fruits, food supplements and subsequent analysis of the presence of carotenoid esters by HPLC. Saponification was tested with sodium and potassium hydroxides. Content of carotenoid esters was detected in food samples and in selected food supplements with presumed high carotenoid content. Findings are discussed in terms of carotenoid uptake in human digestive tract.
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Determination of calcium in food supplements
Hubčuková, Karmelita ; Hraníček, Jakub (advisor) ; Sobotníková, Jana (referee)
Tato bakalářská práce byla zaměřena na stanovení vápníku ve vybraných potravinových doplňcích s využitím plamenové atomové absorpční spektrometrie. Nejdříve byla prováděna optimalizace podmínek s využitím plamene acetylen-vzduch a následně s využitím plamene acetylen-oxid dusný. Optimalizovanými parametry byla výška paprsku nad hranou hořáku, horizontální poloha hořáku, šířka absorpčního prostředí, průtoková rychlost acetylenu a oxidu dusného. Byla sestrojena kalibrační závislost stanovení vápenatých iontů a odpovídající meze detekce a stanovitelnosti. Následně byly vybrané vzorky potravinových doplňků několika způsoby převedeny do roztoku. Vyzkoušeno bylo rozpouštění v deionizované vodě, rozpouštění v koncentrované kyselině dusičné a rozklad pomocí mikrovlnného tlakového zařízení. Experimentálně bylo stanoveno množství vápníku v potravinových doplňcích, které bylo porovnáváno s údaji uvedenými od výrobce. Správnost měření byla ověřena analýzou referenčního materiálu.
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Use of Food Supplements in Sportsman's Diet by a Selected Group of University Students
Staropražská, Barbora ; Marádová, Eva (advisor) ; Kovaříková, Miroslava (referee)
TITLE: The Use of Food Supplements in Sportsman's Diet by a Selected Group of University Students AUTHOR: Barbora Staropražská DEPARTMENT: Department of Pedagogy SUPERVISOR: PaedDr. Eva Marádová, CSc. ABSTRACT: The bachelor's study deals with general rules for the sportsman's diet and the use of food supplements for the purpose of improving man's health or increasing sport performance. Theoretical part of the study provides information about appropriate composition of macro- and micro- substances in the food, proper drinking regime and presents basic mistakes that people usually do in eating. Further, the study includes general recommendation on how to correctly eat before, during and after the sport performance. Last but not least, the study introduces basic food supplements, their classification and describes the most important agents and their impacts on the human body. Practical part of the study is focused on a research of the health lifestyle of the Prague's university students, whose aim is to find out how they are interested in healthy food, whether they perform sports regularly and whether they use food supplements. For this purpose, a questionnaire's survey was performed, whose results are discussed in the conclusive part of the study. Based on the answers obtained, it can be concluded that the...
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